Coastal Zone Management Act Performance Management System

Coastal Zone Management Act
Performance Measurement System
Coastal Management Program Guidance

April 2011
(Updated June 2015)

Office for Coastal Management
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Coastal Zone Management Act Performance Measurement System
Coastal Management Program Performance Measures Guidance
Updated June 2015

Table of Contents
Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................ 2
Coastal Zone Management Act Performance Measurement System .............................................. 3
Comprehensive List of Performance Measures .............................................................................. 4
CZMAPMS Documentation ........................................................................................................... 7
CZMAPMS Timeline...................................................................................................................... 7
Government Coordination & Decision Making.............................................................................. 8
Goal: ............................................................................................................................................ 8
Annual Performance Measures: .................................................................................................. 8
Public Access ................................................................................................................................ 14
Goal: .......................................................................................................................................... 14
Annual Performance Measures: ................................................................................................ 14
Coastal Habitat .............................................................................................................................. 17
Goals: ........................................................................................................................................ 17
Annual Performance Measures: ................................................................................................ 17
Coastal Habitat Categories ........................................................................................................ 18
Coastal Hazards ............................................................................................................................ 22
Goal: .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Annual Performance Measures: ................................................................................................ 22
Coastal Dependent Uses and Community Development .............................................................. 24
Goal: .......................................................................................................................................... 24
Annual Performance Measures: ................................................................................................ 25
Financial Measures ....................................................................................................................... 28
State-reported Contextual Measures ............................................................................................. 31

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NOTE TO READERS: In 2014, the Office for Coastal Management began an effort to
streamline the Coastal Zone Management Act Performance Measurement System
(CZMAPMS). The first step in this effort was to work with state coastal management
programs to identify a subset of measures that states would no longer be required to
report on beginning with the 2015 reporting cycle. The goal for streamlining
measures is to reduce the reporting burden on state coastal management programs
while maintaining a performance measurement system that demonstrates the
national impact of state coastal management programs and informs program
management decisions at the national level.
The 2011 CZMAPMS Guidance is still in effect. However, this 2015 update to the
guidance reflects (using strikethrough) which measures have been eliminated from
the CZMAPMS reporting requirements. The Comprehensive List of Performance
Measures (beginning on page 4) reflects the current list of measures and those that
have been deleted. The guidance throughout this document has been revised to
reflect these changes as well as the new office name.

Coastal Zone Management Act Performance Measurement System
This guidance supersedes previously issued guidance documents. This document provides
updated guidance to Coastal Management Programs (CMPs) on requirements and eligible
activities for reporting through the Coastal Zone Management Act Performance Measurement
System (CZMAPMS). All CMPs are required to successfully complete annual reporting for the
CZMAPMS as described by this guidance document. It is anticipated that this guidance will
apply to reporting years 2011 through 2015.
The CZMAPMS was developed to track measures of effectiveness of the national Coastal Zone
Management (CZM) Program. The CZM Program is administered at the federal level by
NOAA’s Office for Coastal Management (OCM). The OCM is responsible for providing
leadership in advancing national coastal management objectives and maintaining and
strengthening state and territorial coastal management capabilities. The CZM Program is
implemented on a day-to-day basis at the state level in states and territories with federally
approved CMPs. Each CMP has a unique approach to implement the national goals of the
CZMA. The CZMAPMS consists of performance measures to track programmatic activities and
outcomes and contextual measures to track changes in local capacity and environmental
conditions. State and territory Coastal Management Programs contribute to these goals with a
variety of approaches, some of which are not readily quantifiable through the use of national
performance measures.
The national CZM Program also developed a strategic plan, CZMP Strategic Plan (FY20072012) in cooperation with a volunteer workgroup of CMPs and the Coastal States Organization
to guide program activities. The plan developed a vision, mission, outcomes, and strategic goals.
It also set performance goals and utilized a subset of CZMAPMS performance measures as the
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data collection mechanism to demonstrate progress in meeting goals. Data reported from CMPs
for these measures will be compiled for a national report. Corresponding strategic goals are
included in this guidance to support the connection between the performance measures and
programmatic goals.
VISION
The nation’s coasts and oceans, including the Great Lakes and island territories, are healthy and
thriving for this and future generations
MISSION
To ensure the conservation and responsible use of our nation’s coastal and ocean resources
CZMP Outcomes:
Healthy and productive coastal ecosystems
Environmentally, economically, and socially vibrant and resilient coastal communities
GOALS:
1. Protect, restore, and enhance coastal ecosystems.
2. Enable the development of vibrant and resilient coastal communities.

Comprehensive List of Performance Measures
Government Coordination & Decision Making (reported annually)
1. Percent of federal consistency projects reviewed where the project was modified due to
consultation with the applicant to meet State CZM policies, by category 1.
2. Number of acres of a) permit-estimated loss and b) required gain or mitigation due to
activities subject to CZM regulatory programs, by category 2.
3. Number of coordination events offered by the CZM Program and number of stakeholder
groups participating, by category3.
4. Number of a) education activities related to government coordination offered by the CZM
Program and number of participants and b) training events related to government
coordination offered by the CZM Program and number of participants.
Public Access (reported annually)
5. Number of public access sites a) created through acquisition or easement and b) enhanced
with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
6. Number of public access sites a) created and b) enhanced through CZM regulatory
requirements.
7. Number of a) education activities related to public access offered by the CZM Program
and number of participants and b) training events related to public access offered by the
CZM Program and number of participants.

1

Federal Agency Activity; Federal License or Permit; Outer Continental Shelf; and Federal Financial Assistance
Tidal (Great Lake) Wetlands; Beach and Dune; Near-shore Habitat; and Other Habitat Types
3
Government Coordination; Public Access; Coastal Habitat; Coastal Hazards; and Coastal Dependent Uses &
Community Development.
2

4

Coastal Habitat (reported annually)
8. a) Number of acres of coastal habitat protected by acquisition or easement and b) number
of acres and/or meters of coastal habitat under restoration with assistance from CZM
funding or staff, by category 4.
9. Number of a) marine debris removal activities completed with assistance from CZM
funding or staff and b) pounds of marine debris removed during those activities.
10. Number of a) education activities related to coastal habitat offered by the CZM Program
and number of participants and b) training events related to coastal habitat offered by the
CZM Program and number of participants.
Coastal Hazards (reported annually)
11. Number of communities in the coastal zone that completed projects to a) reduce future
damage from hazards and b) increase public awareness of hazards with assistance from
CZM funding or staff.
12. Number of a) education activities related to coastal hazards offered by the CZM Program
and number of participants and b) training events related to coastal hazards offered by the
CZM Program and number of participants related to coastal hazards.

4

Tidal (Great Lake) Wetlands; Beach and Dune; Near-shore Habitat; and Other Habitat Types

5

Coastal Dependent Uses & Community Development (reported annually)
13. Number of coastal communities that a) developed or updated sustainable development
ordinances, policies, and plans; b) completed a project to implement a sustainable
development plan; c) developed or updated port or waterfront redevelopment ordinances,
policies, and plans; and d) completed a project to implement a port or waterfront
redevelopment plan with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
14. Number of coastal communities a) that developed or updated polluted runoff
management ordinances, policies, and plans and b) completed projects to implement
polluted runoff management plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
15. Number of a) education activities related to coastal dependent uses and community
development offered by the CZM Program and number of participants and b) training
events related to coastal dependent uses and community development offered by the
CZM Program and number of participants.
Financial Measures (reported annually)
16. Number of a) CZM federal and matching dollars spent and b) dollars leveraged by CZM
funds, by category5.
17. Number of CZM federal and matching dollars a) spent on technical assistance and b)
provided as financial assistance to local governments.
State-reported Contextual Measures (reported every 5 years)
Public Access
18. Number of acres in the coastal zone that are available for public access.
19. Miles of shoreline available for public access.
Coastal Habitat
20. Number of coastal and Great Lake waterbodies where water quality or habitat was
monitored with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
Coastal Hazards
21. Number of communities in the coastal zone that use setbacks, buffers, or land use policies
to direct development away from areas vulnerable to coastal hazards.
Coastal Dependent Uses & Community Development
22. Number of marinas in the coastal zone a) pledged to and b) designated by a Clean Marina
Program.

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Reporting categories for financial measures: a) Government Coordination; b) Public Access; c) Coastal Habitat; d)
Coastal Hazards; and e) Coastal Dependent Uses and Community Development

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CZMAPMS Documentation
Coastal Management Programs will annually report measures under the following categories:
Government Coordination, Public Access, Coastal Habitat, Coastal Hazards, and Coastal
Dependent Uses and Community Development. The CZMAPMS measures are intended to be
aggregated and reported at the national level to communicate effectiveness. Documentation of
reported data is an essential component of CZMAPMS implementation and communication of
the national results. The purpose of documentation data is to establish a record of reported
activities. The documentation data should provide sufficient information to demonstrate
that all reported activities were eligible under the CZMAPMS guidance. A unique identifier
is requested for each project or activity reported. This identifier should be developed by the
Coastal Management Program and provide sufficient information to allow the CMP to reference
more detailed documentation about the reported activity or project. It is also important that the
unique identifier, in combination with the other requested data, provides the assigned
OCM Program Specialist with sufficient information to evaluate eligibility. Therefore, it is
helpful if the identifier references either a CZM task or project title, if applicable. If necessary,
additional descriptive information should be provided as comments within the report.

CZMAPMS Timeline
Reporting Timeline for Annual Performance Measures:
Deadlines for July
1 Awards

Reporting
Period

Deadlines for
Oct. 1 Awards

Reporting Period

September 30, 2011

July 1, 2010 to
June 30, 2011

October 28, 2011

Oct. 1, 2010 to Sept.
30, 2011

July 30, 2012

July 1, 2011 to
June 30, 2012

October 30, 2012

Oct. 1, 2011 to Sept.
30, 2012

July 30, 2013

July 1, 2012 to
June 30, 2013

October 30, 2013

Oct. 1, 2012 to Sept.
30, 2013

July 30, 2014

July 1, 2013 to
June 30, 2014

October 30, 2014

Oct. 1, 2013 to Sept.
30, 2014

July 30, 2015
August 31, 2015

July 1, 2014 to
June 30, 2015

October 30, 2015

Oct. 1, 2014 to Sept.
30, 2015

Reporting Timeline for State-Collected Contextual Measures:
Reported through the Section 309 Assessment and Strategy (A&S): deadlines for reporting will
be established to coincide with the deadline for the draft A&S.

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Government Coordination & Decision Making
Goal:
Improve coordination and participation in the implementation of the CZM Program and improve
government decision making through technical assistance and consultation on projects affecting
the coastal zone.
CZM Role and Actions:
• The CZM Program provides a framework under the CZMA federal consistency provisions to
effect change through state policies in support of national priorities, to provide technical
assistance and dedicated staff resources in the review of coastal zone projects, and to achieve
regulatory efficiencies through a coordinated, predictable project approval process.
• The CZM Program balances the need for economic development with resource protection
through implementation of state regulatory programs to avoid, minimize, or if necessary,
mitigate the loss of coastal habitats.
• The CZM Program is a federal-state partnership that supports comprehensive planning,
coordinated decision-making, and public participation in coastal management.
Capacity Building:
The CZM Program establishes capacity building networks by developing partnerships and
supporting their growth and independence. Through capacity building networks, the CZM
Program provides critical project management and coordination assistance to build local and
state capacity. The following are capacity building activities of the CZM Program that are
specific to the Government Coordination and Decision Making category:
• The CZM Program conducts educational activities to improve public understanding of CZM
program policies, efforts, and opportunities for stakeholder and public participation.
• The CZM Program conducts training events to provide coastal decision-makers with
knowledge and tools to understand and comply with program policies, regulations, and
decision-making processes.

Annual Performance Measures:
1. Percent of federal consistency projects reviewed where the project was modified due to
consultation with the applicant to meet State CZM policies, by category 1.
2. Number of acres of a) permit-estimated loss and b) required gain or mitigation due to
activities subject to CZM regulatory programs, by category 2.
3. Number of coordination events offered by the CZM Program and number of stakeholder
groups participating, by category 3.

1

Federal Agency Activity; Federal License or Permit; Outer Continental Shelf; and Federal Financial Assistance
Tidal (Great Lake) Wetlands; Beach and Dune; Near-shore Habitat; and Other Habitat Types
3
Government Coordination; Public Access; Coastal Habitat; Coastal Hazards; and Coastal Dependent Uses &
Community Development.4 Federal agency activities; federal license or permit activities; Outer Continental Shelf
projects; and Federal financial assistance to state agencies or local governments.
2

4. Number of a) education activities related to government coordination offered by the CZM
Program and number of participants and b) training events related to government
coordination offered by the CZM Program and number of participants.

Performance Measures Description:
1. Percent of federal consistency projects reviewed where the project was modified due to
consultation with the applicant to meet State CZM policies.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in the coordination and
simplification of government decision making through consultation activities during the review
of federal consistency projects. This measure only captures federal consistency projects that can
be tracked from original proposal or submission to final decision by the Coastal Management
Program (CMP) or network partners. It may be difficult to capture all proposed projects. For
example, projects that are informally proposed or that are withdrawn or substantially altered
following informal consultation are not easily captured. OCM recognizes that some projects are
reviewed prior to formal submission through an early coordination process. Projects that are
modified due to consultation during an early coordination or inter-agency review process that
can be tracked from initial proposal to final decision should be included in the measure. Each
CMP should establish a protocol for when to include projects based on program databases or
tracking systems that will ensure that projects are only counted once for this measure. Long term
project reviews that span multiple reporting periods should be included in the reporting period
when the final consistency decision is issued.
This measure focuses on federal consistency projects that require consultation and modifications
for the project to meet enforceable policies. “Modified Due to Consultation with the
Applicant” means that the CMP or networked agencies consulted with the applicant to modify
portions of the project that did not meet enforceable policies. The project is then modified and
found consistent. Instances where standard conditions are developed for a type of project or
applicant and incorporated into consistency decisions without consultation with the applicant
cannot be reported for this measure.
Report the following:
a) Total number of federal consistency projects technically reviewed (determined to be
applicable for federal consistency review) during the reporting period.
b) Number of federal consistency projects reviewed where the project was modified due to
consultation with the applicant to meet State CZM policies by category 4.
Documentation Required:
• Identify the data tracking mechanism (e.g. database name) used to report data.
• For each category, list each federal consistency project reported as modified during the
reporting period using a unique identifier. If a large number of projects are modified
4

Federal agency activities; federal license or permit activities; Outer Continental Shelf projects; and Federal
financial assistance to state agencies or local governments.

9

within a category, the CMP can group those projects in a way that still allows the
individual project records to be referenced, retrieved from a database, or otherwise
documented. For example, Docks & Piers Sect. 1123: CD-#001-085.
*Project documentation is only required for projects reported as modified, not for all federal
consistency requests reviewed.

2. Number of acres of a) permit-estimated loss and b) permit-required gain or mitigation
due to activities subject to CZM regulatory programs.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in maintaining an
appropriate balance between development and habitat protection through CZM regulatory
programs. Coastal Management Programs (CMPs) administer regulatory programs to achieve
this balance as well as using many other approaches such as comprehensive planning,
monitoring, mapping, education, training, and outreach. In addition, the permit review process
often involves project modifications to implement best management practices and reduce
impacts to habitat. Quantification of the outcomes related to these types of project modifications
to protect habitat is very difficult, in part because of the range of regulatory programs and
tracking mechanisms used by CMPs. Therefore, this measure focuses on the outcome of permit
decisions by measuring the estimated acres of habitat loss contained in the permit and the acres
of habitat that the permit applicant is required to mitigate for activities subject to CZM
regulatory programs. Both of these numbers can be considered estimates and the actual number
of acres lost or mitigated may vary.
CZM Regulatory Programs should be defined by each CMP to include core CZM enforceable
policies that prevent the loss of tidal (or Great Lakes) wetlands, beach and dune habitat, and
nearshore (intertidal, subtidal, submerged) habitat and programs that require mitigation for
unavoidable impacts or losses of coastal habitats.
Permit-Estimate Loss refers to the loss in acres of habitat that an activity subject to core CZM
regulations is estimated to result in under an approved permit or other administrative decision.
Do not include impacts that are considered temporary or short-lived in nature.
Required Gain or Mitigation refers to the habitat acres to be acquired, restored, or created as
compensation for estimated losses due to an activity subject to core CZM regulations. For CMP
that allow the purchase of ‘credits’, such as for a mitigation bank, please use an estimate of
mitigated acres based on past credits for completed creation, restoration, or acquisition projects.
Report the following:
a) Number of acres of permit-estimated loss due to activities subject to CZM regulatory
programs, by category5:
b) Number of acres of required gain or mitigation due to activities subject to CZM
regulatory programs, by category 6:
5

Tidal (or Great Lakes) wetlands; Beach and dune habitat; Nearshore (intertidal, subtidal, submerged) habitat; and
Other types of habitat.

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Documentation Required:
• Description of the data tracking mechanism (e.g. database name, internal report) used to
report this measure.
• For each category, list a unique identifier and the number of the acres of permit-estimated
loss and required gain or mitigation. For project types that involved small individual
estimated losses, documentation can be combined to report the total estimated loss. For
example, all residential dock and pier projects can be combined to estimate a total
estimated loss based on average size and impacts. However, the unique identifier for the
grouping must still allow the individual permit or project records to be referenced or
retrieved from a database.

3.

Number of coordination events offered by the CZM Program and number of
stakeholder groups (non-CMP organizations, programs, or agencies) participating.

The number of Coordination Events is intended to capture CZM events to improve
coordination and comprehensive planning. This does NOT include all coordination meetings
attended by CZM staff and should be limited to events focused on coastal management policy
development, significant coordination efforts, streamlining of network programs, or coordination
of enforcement actions or programs. Meetings between CZM staff and individual stakeholders
for the purpose of presenting program decision or activities should not be reported for this
measure. Reported events should also be limited to those events that are led (initiated) or funded
by the Coastal Management Program (CMP) for the purpose of comprehensive planning in
cooperation with stakeholders or partners. Examples of coordination events include, but are not
limited to interagency coordination meetings; issue specific advisory panels, commissions, or
task forces; and stakeholder coordination meetings to develop new partnerships.
Coordination events should be categorized based on the dominant topic area addressed. If a
coordination event is primarily held to address management needs or coordination on a range of
categories, the event may be best categorized under Government Coordination. Only record each
event once, even if multiple topics are covered, and do not duplicate the same event under the
performance measure for educational activities. Examples of coordination events: “Long Term
Management Strategy Environmental Window Workgroup”, “Public Access Programs
Coordination MOU Workgroup”, “Interagency Ocean Management Plan Workgroup”, “Postdisaster Redevelopment Plan Focus Group” and “Bay Coastal Hazards Long-term Planning and
Emergency Management Interagency Workgroup”.
The number of Stakeholders Groups that participated in a coordination event is reported for this
measure to capture the number of non-CMP organizations, programs, or agencies (e.g.
recreational fishing organization, National Park Service, county planning agency, etc.) that were
represented by at least one participant during the event. CMPs should document the number of
stakeholder groups for each event reported at the time it is conducted. If a sign-in sheet or

6

Tidal (or Great Lakes) wetlands; Beach and dune habitat; Nearshore (intertidal, subtidal, submerged) habitat; and
Other types of habitat.

11

registration is not possible, the program should ensure that the person conducting the event
records a count of participants at the time of the event.
Report the following:
a) Number of coordination events offered by the CZM Program, by category 7:
b) Number of stakeholder groups that participated in each reported coordination event, by
category 8:
Documentation Required:
• List each coordination event using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
stakeholder groups that participated, and the associated CZM award number. It is not
necessary to list individual stakeholder groups that participated; by submitting this data
through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its accuracy.

4. Number of a) education activities related to government coordination offered by the
CZM Program and number of participants and b) training events related to
government coordination offered by the CZM Program and number of participants.
To support public involvement, Coastal Management Programs (CMPs) offer education
programs for the general public that use several approaches including printed materials, websites,
educational exhibits, workshops, and stewardship opportunities. The purpose of this measure is
to describe the role of the CZM Program in providing ‘hands-on’ education that supports the
goals of the government coordination category. Educational Activities captured in this
performance measure include presentations; seminars; and other hands-on or interactive
activities that provide non-technical information to improve public understanding of CZM
Program policies and activities to improve government coordination and efficiency in coastal
management as well as opportunities for active stakeholder and public participation.
Educational activities that are conducted by partners and funded by CZM federal or matching
funds should be included. The following educational efforts should not be included in this
measure: publications (i.e. brochures, guides, etc.), Internet materials or web sites, mass media
campaigns, interpretive kiosks or signage, or other efforts that provide education through indirect
methods. Conference booths or displays are not eligible activities for the purposes of this
performance measure. However, interactive activities or group presentations given during
conferences, fairs, or festivals can be reported if the number of participants in these activities is
recorded at the time of the event.
This measure also captures training events offered by the CZM Program. The CZM Program
provides scientific and technical information and skill-building opportunities to individuals who
are responsible for making decisions that affect coastal resources. Using a range of approaches,
CMPs provide coastal decision-makers with the knowledge and tools they need to address
critical resource management issues. Training includes events for audiences that focus on more
technical subject matter than those provided through educational activities. Training can include

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activities that are tailored to a specific audience, such as wetland regulators or a local agency
permitting program and should be limited to training events offered by or funded by the CMP.
Training events that are funded by CZM federal or matching funds, but conducted by partners
should be included. Training events can be provided through the Internet to provide remote
access; however, if there is not a registration or a sign-up process, only report those events for
which the number of participants can be documented.
This measure does not include CMP staff training, but can include training events for staff of
network partners or local coastal programs. Do not include publications (e.g. manuals) or other
materials that are distributed without an associated and targeted training program.
Training events related to Government Coordination include the following types of events to
increase local, state, and federal agency capacity and technical understanding for the following:
interagency or intra-agency streamlining, decision-making efficiency, and active stakeholder
participation. Events can be related to federal consistency; development or local implementation
of new state rules; interagency permit streamlining or coordination; development of special area
management plans other area designations; resource management requirements for emerging
issues; and comprehensive planning to address management needs.
Participants are the people that participated in the reported educational activity or training
event. CMPs should document the number of participants for each event reported at the time it
is conducted. If a sign-in sheet or registration is not possible, the program should ensure that the
person conducting the event records a count of participants at the time of the event.
Report the following:
a) Number of educational activities related to Government Coordination offered by the
Coastal Management Program and the number of participants.
b) Number of training events related to Government Coordination offered by the Coastal
Management Program and the number of participants.
Documentation Required:
• List each educational activity using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.
• List each training event using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.

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Public Access
Goal:
Create or enhance public access sites over the next 5-years.
CZM Role: The CZM Program protects, creates, and enhances public access to the coast
through regulatory programs, acquiring new public access sites, and enhancing recreational
facilities such as boardwalks and piers.
Capacity Building:
• The CZM Program conducts educational activities to improve public understanding of access
to the coastal zone and its importance to communities and the economy.
• The CZM Program conducts training events to provide coastal decision-makers with
knowledge and tools to comprehensively plan for and manage public access.

Annual Performance Measures:
5. Number of public access sites a) created through acquisition or easement and b) enhanced
with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
6. Number of public access sites a) created and b) enhanced through CZM regulatory
requirements.
7. Number of a) education activities related to public access offered by the CZM Program and
number of participants and b) training events related to public access offered by the CZM
Program and number of participants.

Performance Measures Description:
5. Number of public access sites a) created through acquisition or easement and b)
enhanced with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
An important goal of the CZMA is to ensure adequate public access to the coastal zone. Coastal
Management Programs (CMPs) accomplish this goal using approaches that are most effective for
their local coastal zone. These approaches can include conducting public access inventories,
developing access guides, ensuring sites are marked as public, identifying new areas for access,
and providing technical assistance, education, and outreach. The purpose of this measure is to
describe the role of the CZM Program in providing for new and enhanced public access in the
coastal zone. However, not all CMPs use CZM funding or staff to create new public access sites
or enhance existing recreational facilities. If the CMP, as a matter of policy or custom, does not
conduct such activities, report that “the Coastal Management Program does not use CZM
funding or staff to create or enhance public access sites”.
Examples of Public Access Sites are vertical walking paths to the shore; publicly owned
property including parks, beaches, piers providing fishing access to coastal waters; boardwalks
or trails associated with coastal habitat such as wetlands, forested habitat, marshes; access to

14

historic areas or structures, such as lighthouses; and boat launches, ramps, docks, and marinas
that are publicly owned.
Created Sites are properties acquired for public access through fee simple ownership or through
an easement. There may be instances where a property has been in public ownership but not
open to the public. In this case, the property can be counted as a new site if it has not been
counted previously and it is opened to the public during the reporting period. However, in the
case where there is an unimproved site that is open to the public and it is improved for recreation
(i.e. facilities are constructed) during the reporting period, the addition of those facilities should
be considered an enhancement to an existing public access site. Enhancements can include
activities eligible under CZMA Section 306A, including educational signage, trail or boardwalk
construction or renovation, the addition of fish cleaning stations, parking, or bathroom facilities,
and other low-cost construction to improve recreational facilities.
It is acceptable to report sites created or enhanced due to CZM-funded staff that provide critical
management, planning, or coordination for a specific project completed during the reporting
period. However, do not include instances where CZM staff involvement is limited primarily to
permit review or consultation. Because CZM funding may have provided only a portion of the
funding necessary to create a public access site, OCM will use text with this measure that
indicates that public access sites may have been created in cooperation with CZM program
partners.
Report the following:
a) Number of public access sites created through acquisition or easement with assistance
from CZM funding or staff.
b) Number of existing public access sites enhanced with assistance from CZM funding or
staff.
Documentation Required:
• List each public access site reported using a unique identifier, the associated CZM award
number, and an indication of the primary CZM role (funding or staff support) for the
specific recreational site reported.

6. Number of public access sites a) created and b) enhanced through CZM regulatory
requirements.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in addressing public
access needs through regulatory and permitting requirements. All CMPs provide protection of
public access through a variety of mechanisms. Some examples of legal or regulatory approaches
include:
• Identifying historic access points such as traditional right of ways and reclaiming them
for public use;
• Ensuring that existing access is not lost when new developments are proposed or if access
will be lost, requiring that developers mitigate the loss by providing a new or enhanced
opportunity elsewhere; and

15

•

Establishing legal protections from liability for homeowners who provide access over
their property to waterfront.

However, this performance measure is intended to provide information about those programs
that have regulatory approaches that require the creation or enhancement of public access sites as
part of permitting, federal consistency, or other regulatory requirements. If the CMP does not use
regulatory mechanisms to create or enhance public access sites report that “the Coastal
Management Program does not include a regulatory component to create or enhance
public access sites”.
A public access site is considered “Created” through CZM regulatory requirements when a
permit or other administrative action requires the designation of an area as a public access site
where one did not exist previously. The created public access site must have previously been
privately held or otherwise legally inaccessible to the general public. The State does not have to
hold ownership of the new site, but there must be a reasonable assurance that the new site is
available to the general public and will be a public site in perpetuity. A public access site is
considered “Enhanced” through CZM regulatory requirements when a permit or other
administrative action requires the improvement of facilities or the site itself for public recreation.
Report the following:
a) Number of public access sites created through CZM regulatory requirements.
b) Number of public access sites enhanced through CZM regulatory requirements.
Documentation Required:
• Description of data tracking mechanism (e.g. database name, internal report) used to
report data for this measure.
• List each public access site reported using a unique identifier.

7. Number of a) education activities related to public access offered by the CZM Program
and number of participants and b) training events related to public access offered by
the CZM Program and number of participants.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in providing educational
activities to the public to support the goal of the Public Access category. Examples of
educational activities related to Public access are: access availability, threats to public access,
public trust principles. This measure also captures training events offered by the CZM Program.
Training events related to Public Access include the following types of events: public trust and
other public access policies or legal precedent; planning practices for minimizing resource
impacts due to public access activities; and other public access related management issues.
See the description under Government Coordination measure #4 for a definition of eligible
Educational Activities, Training Events, and Participants.

16

Report the following:
a) Number of educational activities related to Public Access offered by the CZM Program
and the number of participants.
b) Number of training events related to Public Access offered by the CZM Program and the
number of participants.
Documentation Required:
• List each educational activity using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.
• List each training event using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.

Coastal Habitat
Goals:
Protect coastal habitat through acquisition or easement; Restore coastal habitat; and Remove
marine debris from coastal habitats.
CZM Role:
• The CZM Program uses funding and expertise to protect and restore coastal habitat and
develops and coordinates local partnerships to engage citizen stewards.
• CZM works with local communities to reduce marine debris reaching our oceans, Great
Lakes, and beaches.
Capacity Building:
• The CZM Program conducts educational activities to improve public understanding of
coastal habitats, threats to those habitats, and opportunities to protect and restore habitat.
• The CZM Program conducts training events to provide coastal decision-makers with
knowledge and tools to protect and restore coastal habitat.

Annual Performance Measures:
8. a) Number of acres of coastal habitat protected by acquisition or easement and b) number of
acres and/or meters of coastal habitat under restoration with assistance from CZM funding or
staff, by category9.

9

Tidal (Great Lake) Wetlands; Beach and Dune; Near-shore Habitat; and Other Habitat Types

17

9. Number of a) marine debris removal activities completed with assistance from CZM funding
or staff and b) pounds of marine debris removed during those activities.
10. Number of a) education activities related to coastal habitat offered by the CZM Program and
number of participants and b) training events related to coastal habitat offered by the CZM
Program and number of participants.

Coastal Habitat Categories
Tidal (or Great Lakes) Wetlands
Wetlands are "those areas that are inundated or saturated at a frequency and duration
sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of
vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions." [33 CFR 328.3(b)]. Note:
"under normal circumstances" means that such areas support plant growth unless such
growth is removed or prevented from growing by man or infrequent natural events (like
mudslides or volcanic eruptions).
Tidal wetlands are wetlands that are inundated by tidal waters. Definitions of wetlands and
tidal waters can be found at 33 CFR 328.3(b) and 33 CFR 328.3(f), respectively. Tidal
wetlands can include salt and brackish marshes (tidally flooded grasslands), and mangrove
swamps (salty shrub thickets and forests). Tidal wetlands in saline and brackish areas, or
estuarine wetlands, which are part of the estuary where salt water mixes with fresh water
running off the land via rivers, are also included.
Great Lakes coastal wetlands occur along the Great Lakes shoreline proper and portions of
tributary rivers and streams that are directly affected by Great Lakes water regimes. These
wetlands form a transition between the Great Lakes and adjacent terrestrial uplands, and are
influenced by both. Additional guidance for defining Great Lakes Wetlands:
• Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands: Abiotic and Floristic Characterization: A Summary of
Reports Prepared for Michigan Natural Features Inventory:
http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/ecopage/wetlands/glc/index.html#List%20of%20Tables
• Site Types for Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands:
http://www.epa.gov/glnpo/ecopage/wetlands/glc/table1.pdf
Beach and Dune Habitat
Beach is the zone of unconsolidated material between the mean low-water line and the line
of permanent vegetation, which is also the effective limit of storm waves; sometimes
includes the material moving in offshore, onshore, and longshore transport. Each state
Coastal Management Program is required to have a definition of beach (CZMA Sect.
306(d)(G)(2)). Dune is a wind formed hill or ridge of sand
Nearshore Habitat
Nearshore (intertidal, subtidal or submerged) habitats should include intertidal rocky
areas and pools, mud flats, coral reefs, shellfish beds, submerged aquatic vegetation such as
seagrass beds, rocky hard bottom habitat, and other nearshore benthic habitat.

18

Performance Measures Description:
8. a) Number of acres of coastal habitat protected by acquisition or easement and b)
number of acres and/or meters of coastal habitat under restoration with assistance from
CZM funding or staff, by category 10.
Coastal Management Programs (CMPs) play an important role in shaping coastal habitat
management policies, as well as improving, coordinating, and funding state and local activities.
Some programs use CZM funds to acquire property or conservation easements from willing
sellers to protect coastal habitat as well as work with partners to restore coastal habitats. Other
programs focus on activities that support state and local actions to protect and restore coastal
habitat through comprehensive planning, habitat identification, technical assistance, and
education and outreach. This measure focuses on those CMPs that use CZM funding or staff to
protect habitat by acquisition or easement and to restore habitat. If a CMP, as a matter of policy
or custom, does not conduct such activities, enter “the Coastal Management Program does not
use CZM funding or staff to acquire or restore habitat”.
Protected refers properties acquired for their habitat values through fee simple ownership or
through a conservation easement. Restoration refers to the rehabilitation of degraded or altered
habitat and often involves reestablishing native vegetation and natural hydrology. It is acceptable
to report acres protected or restored due to CZM funded staff that provide critical management,
planning, or coordination for a specific project completed during the reporting period. However,
do not include instances where CZM staff involvement is limited primarily to permit review or
consultation. Habitat acres protected or restored through a mitigation program should be reported
only under measure #2. CMPs may also wish to add habitat categories to report other coastal
habitat types. An “other” category is included to facilitate individualized reporting.
Habitat protected or under restoration should be reported for the period in which the protection
or planned restoration activities were completed. Although reported restoration activities must be
completed within the reporting period, it is recognized that this does not mean that overall
restoration has been completed for a property in all cases. Because restoration is a long-term
effort, there may be a series of planned activities required to achieve restoration goals for a site.
Additionally, CZM funding may have only provided a portion of the funding necessary to protect
or restore an area; therefore, OCM will use text with this measure that indicates that habitat may
have been protected or restored in cooperation with CZM partners.
Report the following:
a) Number of acres protected by acquisition or easement with assistance from CZM funding
or staff, by category 11
b) Number of acres and/or meters under restoration with assistance from CZM funding or
staff, by category12

10

Tidal (Great Lake) Wetlands; Beach and Dune habitat; Near-shore Habitat; and Other Habitat Types
Tidal (or Great Lakes) wetlands; Beach and dune habitat; Nearshore habitat; and Other types of habitat.
12
Tidal (or Great Lakes) wetlands; Beach and dune habitat; Nearshore habitat; and Other types of habitat.
11

19

Documentation Required:
• For each category, provide a list of each project using a unique identifier, the number of acres
or number of square meters, reported for each project, the associated CZM award number,
and indicate the primary CZM role (funding or staff support).

9. Number of a) marine debris removal activities completed with assistance from CZM
funding or staff and b) pounds of marine debris removed during those activities.
Marine debris is a persistent and often overlooked coastal management issue with wide-ranging
impacts. NOAA defines marine debris as any persistent solid material that is manufactured or
processed and directly or indirectly, intentionally or unintentionally, disposed of or abandoned
into the marine environment or the Great Lakes. The types of activities to address marine debris
vary among Coastal Management Programs (CMPs) to address different types of marine debris
and different environments where marine debris is a problem. Some examples of marine debris
programs developed in the states include: Coastal and coral reef clean-ups; Adopt-A-Beach
programs; Establishing disposal and recycling containers in recreation areas; Derelict fishing
gear and vessel removal; Education, outreach, public awareness initiatives/campaigns; and
Regional coordination and management efforts.
This measure focuses on marine debris removal activities that can be linked to a quantifiable
reduction of marine debris. CMP should not report activities that cannot be directly
connected to estimates of the number of pounds removed. Marine Debris Removal
Activities include activities (either volunteer or non-volunteer) to remove marine debris
from coastal systems. For beach clean-up or similar events, report the total number of sites
or areas that participated rather than reporting the clean-up as one activity. The Estimated
Pounds of Debris can be based on reports from volunteer groups, non-volunteer removal
programs, or the average weight of commonly removed objects by the estimated number
removed (e.g. average crab trap weighs 5 pounds and 25 were removed).
Report the following:
a) Number of marine debris removal activities completed with assistance from CZM
funding or staff and for which a corresponding number of pounds of debris removed can
be estimated.
b) Estimated number of pounds of debris removed by the above reported marine debris
removal activities.
Documentation Required:
• List marine debris removal activities including a unique identifier, the estimated number of
pounds removed during the activity, and the associated CZM award number.

20

10. Number of a) education activities related to coastal habitat offered by the CZM
Program and number of participants and b) training events related to coastal habitat
offered by the CZM Program and number of participants.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in providing ‘hands-on’
education to the public to support the Coastal Habitat goals. Educational activities related to
Coastal Habitat include activities to improve public understanding of the following: CZM
Program policies and activities to improve government coordination and efficiency in coastal
management as well as opportunities for active stakeholder and public participation.
This measure also captures training events offered by the CZM Program. Training events related
to Coastal Habitat include the following types of events to increase local, state, and federal
agency capacity and technical understanding for the following: habitat diversity and functions;
status and trends; mapping and monitoring; threat assessment; restoration; regulatory programs;
and other habitat management issues.
See the description under Government Coordination measure #4 for a definition of eligible
Educational Activities, Training Events, and Participants.
Report the following:
a) Number of educational activities related to Coastal Habitat offered by the Coastal
Management Program and the number of participants.
b) Number of training events related to Coastal Habitat offered by the Coastal Management
Program and the number of participants.
Documentation Required:
• List each educational activity using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.
• List each training event using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.

21

Coastal Hazards
Goal:
Increase the percentage of coastal communities implementing management practices to improve
resilience and increase public awareness of hazards.
CZM Role: Through its partnerships, the CZM Program engages states and communities to
become more resilient by comprehensive planning, managing development to minimize damage
to communities and coastal habitats, increasing preparedness, and responding to coastal hazards.
Capacity Building:
• The CZM Program conducts educational activities to improve public understanding of
coastal hazards including types of hazards, vulnerability, and opportunities to reduce their
risk.
• The CZM Program conducts training events to provide coastal decision-makers with
knowledge and tools to improve state and local management of coastal hazards and
comprehensive planning to improve resiliency.

Annual Performance Measures:
11. Number of communities in the coastal zone that completed projects to a) reduce future
damage from hazards and b) increase public awareness of hazards with assistance from CZM
funding or staff.
12. Number of a) education activities related to coastal hazards offered by the CZM Program and
number of participants and b) training events related to coastal hazards offered by the CZM
Program and number of participants related to coastal hazards.

Performance Measures Description:
11. Number of communities in the coastal zone that completed projects to a) reduce future
damage from hazards and b) increase public awareness of hazards with assistance from
CZM funding or staff.
An important goal of the CZMA is to minimize the loss of life and property caused by improper
development in areas likely to be affected by or vulnerable to coastal hazards, and by the
destruction of natural protective features such as beaches, dunes, wetlands, and barrier islands.
Coastal Management Programs (CMP) provide technical assistance and funding to support many
projects that address coastal hazard concerns at the state and local level. The purpose of this
measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in supporting coastal communities to reduce
loss of life and property from coastal hazards, enhance the ability of state and local governments
and communities to respond to hazard events, and raise public awareness of coastal hazards.
A Coastal Community is a unit of local government or a special unit of government, such as a
planning district. In coastal zones without local governments (e.g. U.S. territories), a coastal

22

community may be an administrative body or organization that formally represents a local
geographic area. The list of coastal communities within each CMP’s coastal zone should be
developed to consistently apply to measures #11, 13, and 14 and should remain consistent for
reporting over time.
Completed projects can include the development or update of local coastal hazard plans, local
coastal hazard mitigation policies, ordinances or codes, technical assistance, education and
outreach, and on-the-ground projects to reduce future damage from hazards. Projects completed
by a non-governmental organization for a coastal community can be reported. CMPs should not
report all communities affected by state-wide policies or plans or permitting programs. It also
should not include general administrative funding of local coastal programs or local government
agencies. Communities reported must have completed a discrete and specific project to reduce
future damage from hazards or raise public awareness of coastal hazards. However, do not
include instances where CZM staff involvement is limited primarily to permit review of the
completed project.
Public awareness campaigns can include hands-on educational events, educational signage or
kiosks, and informational materials such as brochures and websites. They may be on-going
efforts, but the community must have completed an activity or component of the campaign
during the reporting period. Websites should only be included in the reporting period in which
they are first made available through the Internet, unless substantial updates are made during a
subsequent reporting period. This measure differs from performance measure #12 in that it is
focused on the number of communities implementing public awareness campaigns. In addition,
public awareness campaigns can be reported for a broader range of activities not eligible under
measure #12, such as publications, mass media, web sites, signage, etc.
Report the following:
a) Number of communities that completed a project to reduce future damage from hazards
with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
b) Number of communities that completed a project to increase public awareness of hazards
with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
Documentation Required:
• List each community reported, its county, a unique identifier, the primary role of the
CZM program (funding or staff), and the associated CZM award number. If the state or
territory does not use counties, please indicate the closest equivalent.

12. Number of a) education activities related to coastal hazards offered by the CZM
Program and number of participants and b) training events related to coastal hazards
offered by the CZM Program and number of participants related to coastal hazards.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in providing ‘hands-on’
education to the public to support the Coastal Hazards goals. Educational activities related to
Coastal Hazards include improving public understanding about types of hazards, resiliency,
vulnerability, evacuation, and other coastal hazard issues.

23

This measure also captures training events offered by the CZM Program to support the Coastal
Hazards goals. Training events related to Coastal Hazards include the following types of events
to increase local, state, and federal agency capacity and technical understanding for the
following: regulatory programs; vulnerability mapping; evacuation planning; and other coastal
hazard management issues.
See the description under Government Coordination measure #4 for a definition of eligible
Educational Activities, Training Events, and Participants.
Report the following:
a) Number of educational activities related to Coastal Hazards offered by the Coastal
Management Program and the number of participants.
b) Number of training events related to Coastal Hazards offered by the Coastal Management
Program and the number of participants.
Documentation Required:
• List each educational activity using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.
• List each training event using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.

Coastal Dependent Uses and Community Development
Goal:
Increase the percentage of communities in the coastal zone implementing sustainable coastal
management practices and revitalizing port and waterfront areas.
CZM Role: The CZM Program gives funding and expertise to help coastal communities sustain
their economies, human health, environment, and coastal character.
Capacity Building:
• The CZM Program conducts educational activities to improve public understanding of
coastal dependent uses, sustainable development, and water quality.
• The CZM Program conducts training events to provide coastal decision-makers with
knowledge and tools to comprehensively manage for sustainable and coastal dependent uses
and improve water quality.

24

Annual Performance Measures:
13. Number of coastal communities that a) developed or updated sustainable development
ordinances, policies, and plans; b) completed a project to implement a sustainable
development plan; c) developed or updated port or waterfront redevelopment ordinances,
policies, and plans; and d) completed a project to implement a port or waterfront
redevelopment plan with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
14. Number of coastal communities a) that developed or updated polluted runoff management
ordinances, policies, and plans and b) completed projects to implement polluted runoff
management plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
15. Number of a) education activities related to coastal dependent uses and community
development offered by the CZM Program and number of participants and b) training events
related to coastal dependent uses and community development offered by the CZM Program
and number of participants.

Performance Measures Description:
13. Number of coastal communities that a) developed or updated sustainable development
ordinances, policies, and plans; b) completed a project to implement a sustainable
development plan; c) developed or updated port or waterfront redevelopment
ordinances, policies, and plans; and d) completed a project to implement a port or
waterfront redevelopment plan with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
The CZM Program has a critical role in the development and implementation of state and local
approaches to growth and redevelopment in the coastal zone. Coastal Management Programs
(CMPs) work with communities to ensure coastal development is designed, sited and constructed
in ways that preserve and protect critical coastal resources and balance coastal land uses. The
purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in working with coastal
communities to develop and implement local policies and plans to manage growth and
development and in redeveloping underutilized and deteriorating urban waterfront areas and
ports. This measure focuses on efforts to enhance local management, planning, and the
implementation of plans for sustainable development and port or waterfront redevelopment.
A Coastal Community is a unit of local government or a special unit of government, such as a
planning district. In coastal zones without local governments (e.g. U.S. territories), a coastal
community may be an administrative body or organization that formally represents a local
geographic area. The list of coastal communities within each CMP’s coastal zone should be
developed to consistently apply to measures #11, 13, and 14 and should remain consistent for
reporting over time.
Plans should be developed or adopted by a local unit of government and can include State
mandated plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff. Plans developed by a nongovernmental organization in cooperation with a governmental entity can be included. Plans or
ordinances do not need to be formally adopted by the local unit of government to be reported for
this measure. However, plans or ordinances developed at the state level without direct
involvement by the community reported are not eligible for this measure.

25

Completed Projects should implement actions, with assistance from CZM funding or staff, that
are called for in a sustainable development or port or waterfront redevelopment plan. That plan
may or may not have been developed using CZM funding or staff. However, do not include
instances where CZM staff involvement is limited primarily to permit review.
Some examples of principles for Sustainable Development include mixed land uses, compact
building design, preservation of open space, directing development towards existing
communities, and involvement of the community and stakeholders. More information on
sustainable development principles can be found at: http://www.epa.gov/livability/about_sg.htm.
Port or Waterfront Redevelopment can include economic development; land acquisition or
protection through easement; rehabilitation or acquisition of piers for public use; rehabilitation of
bulkheads for improved public safety or access, removal or replacement of pilings to provide
increased recreational use; zoning or other development ordinances to support redevelopment;
and visioning and other public involvement processes. The development of public access
facilities should be reported under the Public Access performance measures. Port or waterfront
redevelopment support activities can include planning, technical assistance, and on-the-ground
projects eligible under CZMA Section 306A.
Report the following:
a) Number of coastal communities that developed or updated sustainable development
ordinances, policies, and plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff;
b) Number of coastal communities that completed a project to implement a sustainable
development plan with assistance from CZM funding or staff;
c) Number of coastal communities that developed or updated port or waterfront
redevelopment ordinances, policies, and plans with assistance from CZM funding or
staff; and
d) Number of coastal communities that completed a project to implement a redevelopment
plan with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
Documentation Required:
• List each community reported, its county, a unique identifier, indicate the primary CZM
role (funding or staff support), and the associated CZM award number. If the state or
territory does not use counties, please indicate the closest equivalent that will allow the
community to be located.

14. Number of coastal communities that a) developed or updated polluted runoff
management ordinances, policies, and plans and b) completed projects to implement
polluted runoff management plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
The Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program, which falls under Section 6217 of the Coastal
Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments (CZARA), is jointly administered by NOAA and the
Environmental Protection Agency. The program encourages pollution prevention efforts at a
local level, particularly improvements to land use planning and zoning practices to protect

26

coastal water quality. The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in
supporting communities in the development and implementation of local ordinances, policies,
and plans to control or prevent polluted runoff.
A Coastal Community is a unit of local government or a special unit of government, such as a
planning district. In coastal zones without local governments (e.g. U.S. territories), a coastal
community may be an administrative body or organization that formally represents a local
geographic area. The list of coastal communities within each CMP’s coastal zone should be
developed to consistently apply to measures #11, 13, and 14 and should remain consistent for
reporting over time.
Plans should be developed or adopted by a local unit of government and can include State
mandated plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff. Plans developed by a nongovernmental organization in cooperation with a governmental entity can be included. Plans or
ordinances do not need to be formally adopted by the local unit of government to be reported for
this measure. However, plans or ordinances developed at the state level without direct
involvement by the community reported are not eligible for this measure.
Completed Projects should implement actions, with assistance from CZM funding or staff, that
are called for in a polluted runoff management plan. That plan may or may not have been
developed using CZM funding or staff. However, do not include instances where CZM staff
involvement is limited primarily to permit review.
Report the following:
a) Number of coastal communities that developed or updated polluted runoff management
ordinances, polices, and plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
b) Number of coastal communities that completed projects to implement polluted runoff
management plans with assistance from CZM funding or staff.
Documentation Required:
• List each community, its county, and project reported using a unique identifier, the
associated CZM award number, an indication of the primary CZM role (funding or staff
support). If the state or territory does not use counties, please indicate the closest
equivalent.

15. Number of a) education activities related to coastal dependent uses and community
development offered by the CZM Program and number of participants and b) training
events related to coastal dependent uses and community development offered by the
CZM Program and number of participants.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in providing ‘hands-on’
educational activities to support the goals for Coastal Dependent Uses and Community
Development. Educational activities related to Coastal Dependent Uses and Community
Development include: types of coastal dependent uses, status and trends of coastal dependent
uses, importance, potential threats, and other issues related to coastal dependent uses; activities

27

to improve public understanding of community development topics such as status and trends of
land uses, sustainability, and water quality.
This measure also captures training events offered by the CZM Program to support the goals for
Coastal Dependent Uses and Community Development. Training events related to Coastal
Dependent Uses and Community Development include the following types of events to increase
local, state, and federal agency capacity and technical understanding for the following:
regulatory programs and policies; assessment of competing uses; and other management issues;
status and trends of land uses; land use policies and programs; best management practices for
sustainability; and water quality.
See the description under Government Coordination measure #4 for a definition of eligible
Educational Activities, Training Events, and Participants.
Report the following:
a) Number of educational activities related to Coastal Dependent Uses and Community
Development offered by the Coastal Management Program and the number of
participants.
b) Number of training events related to Coastal Dependent Uses and Community
Development offered by the Coastal Management Program and the number of
participants.
Documentation Required:
• List each educational activity using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.
• List each training event using a unique identifier, the corresponding number of
participants, and associated CZM award number. It is not necessary to list individual
participants; by submitting this data through the CZMAPMS, the program is certifying its
accuracy. Indicate if the educational activity was conducted jointly with a National
Estuarine Research Reserve.

Financial Measures
16. Number of a) CZM federal and matching dollars spent and b) dollars leveraged by
CZM funds, by category.
The purpose of this measure is to quantify the financial contribution of the CZM Program to the
five goal areas and the additional or leveraged dollars that CZM activities generate in
accomplishing the goals of the CZMA. CZM federal and matching dollars spent should reflect as
much as possible the total amount spent from all open CZM awards during the reporting period
and the most appropriate category for the purpose of those funds.

28

Activities of Coastal Management Programs (CMPs) lead to extensive leveraging of resources in
the coastal zone. However, this measure limits reporting on dollars leveraged to those projects
directly tied to a CZM funded project or activity. This measure includes activities eligible under
CZMA Section 306, 306A, 310, or 309. CZM Dollars are federal CZM funds and the required
matching funds identified by the CMP in annual cooperative agreement (i.e. NOAA grant).
Matching dollars reported should be limited to the amount identified in the cooperative
agreement award.
Dollars Leveraged are funds in addition to CZM federal and matching funds that are spent on a
CZM funded project. For example, a CMP may partner with several entities to acquire property;
funds in addition to CZM federal or matching dollars spent to acquire the property would be
considered leveraged. Another example is a project where CZM staff partner with a city’s
planning department to develop a greenway plan for a coastal community. The city planning
department provides the required federal match. During the project, the city’s recreation
department contributes staff time to conduct visioning and public outreach for the greenway
project. The cost to the recreation department to conduct the visioning and outreach activities can
be considered as dollars leveraged by CZM funds.
In-kind funds and services that qualify under Office of Management and Budget Circular A110,
http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/circulars/a110/a110.html#23, (see sect. 23 “Cost sharing or
matching”) can be included as leveraged dollars. Sources of leveraged dollars can be federal,
state, or local government agencies or other organizations such as non-profits or foundations. If
the CMP does not incorporate activities that result in leveraged dollars report “the Coastal
Management Program does not incorporate activities that result in leveraged dollars”.
Report the following:
a) Number of CZM federal and matching dollars spent, by category 13:

b) Number of dollars leveraged by CZM funds by category 14:
Documentation Required:
• For each of the six categories, list CZM programs, projects, or grant tasks using a unique
identifier, the associated CZM award number, the amount of CZM federal funds spent,
and the amount of CZM matching funds spent.
• For each of the six categories, list each leveraged project reported, including a unique
identifier and the number of dollars reported as leveraged.

13

Government Coordination; Public Access; Coastal Habitat; Coastal Hazards; Coastal Dependent Uses and
Community Development
14
Government Coordination; Public Access; Coastal Habitat; Coastal Hazards; Coastal Dependent Uses and
Community Development

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17. Number of CZM federal and matching dollars a) spent on technical assistance and b)
provided as financial assistance to local governments.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in supporting local
governments in balancing coastal uses and improving local decision-making. For Coastal
Management Programs (CMPs) without formal local governments, this measure can include
assistance to unincorporated or local groups that represent local interests. Dollars reported should
reflect the amount spent during the reporting period from all open CZM awards or grants that
were directed at providing either technical or financial assistance to local governments. This
measure is a further categorization of the dollars reported as spent under performance measure
#16. For example, you may report under performance measure #14 that $80,000 was spent on
coastal hazards and under performance measure #15 that $60,000 of those funds were subawarded as financial assistance to local government.
Technical Assistance includes staff consultation, review, training, and other types of support to
local coastal programs or government agencies on planning, managing local resources, meeting
state requirements, using technical tools, and other activities to increase local management
capacity. Technical assistance does not have to be conducted directly by coastal program staff.
CZM funded or managed projects to provide technical assistance to local governments that are
conducted by non-CZM staff can be included.
Financial Assistance is the provision of sub-awards or other contractual arrangements to
provide CZM federal or matching funds to local government agencies. Financial assistance can
include funds to conduct specific local projects, administer local coastal programs, and locally
enforce CZM policies. Dollars reported should include only the amount provided to the local
government.
Report the following:
a) Number of CZM federal and matching dollars spent on technical assistance by category 15:

b) Number of CZM federal and matching dollars spent as financial assistance by category 16:
Documentation Required:
• For both technical and financial assistance, categorize the funding by performance
measure category, list CZM programs, projects, or grant tasks using a unique identifier,
the associated CZM award number, the amount of CZM federal funds spent, and the
amount of CZM matching funds spent.

15

Government Coordination; Public Access; Coastal Habitat; Coastal Hazards; Coastal Dependent Uses and
Community Development
16
Government Coordination; Public Access; Coastal Habitat; Coastal Hazards; Coastal Dependent Uses and
Community Development

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State-reported Contextual Measures
These measures will be reported every 5 years through the CZMA Sect. 309 Assessment
18. Number of acres in the coastal zone that are available for public access.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the number of acres available for public recreational
use within a state’s coastal zone. All properties, including offshore islands that provide
recreational access to the general public in the coastal zone can be reported, including land
owned by local, state, and federal agencies and not-for-profit organizations. Available for
Public Access means that the property is publicly owned, there is a public access easement, or
the property is otherwise designated for recreational access for the general public.
Each program should establish the total number of acres in the coastal zone (both public and
privately held) as a number that will remain constant unless the program coastal zone boundary
is altered in the future. Areas available for public access should include publicly owned
properties such as parks, but can also include properties owned by not-for-profit organizations
such as land trusts or foundations that have designated the property as open to the general public.
It is acceptable to have a small fee charged to the public for using these properties; however, the
fee should be minimal. Properties such as privately owned campgrounds (e.g. KOA) and
properties restricted to members only (e.g. yacht clubs) should not be included in this measure.
Report the following:
a) Number of acres in the coastal zone. Describe the scale or resolution for the data source
and the method of measurement (i.e. satellite images, aerial photography, topographic
maps, etc.)
b) Number of acres of public lands that are available for public access. Describe the source
of data used and its resolution or scale.

19. Miles of shoreline available for public access.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the amount of the shoreline available for public access
within the coastal zone. Shoreline includes the strip of land bordering coastal waters (oceans,
bays, estuaries, and similar systems in the Great Lakes). Total shoreline miles can also include
offshore island shorelines. Programs should establish a protocol for the measurement of
shoreline miles to be consistent over time. Available for Public Access means that the property
is publicly owned, there is a public access easement, or the property is otherwise designated for
recreational access for the general public.
Report the following:
a) Number of miles of shoreline.
b) Number of miles of shoreline that are available for public use.
c) Describe the scale or resolution of the data source.
d) Describe the source of data and method of measurement (i.e. satellite images, aerial
photography, topographic map, etc.)

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20. Number of coastal (Great Lake) waterbodies where water quality was monitored with
the assistance from CZM funding or staff.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM program in increasing state and
local capacity to protect and restore coastal water quality through monitoring activities. This
measure can include water quality monitoring and assessment activities conducted by the Coastal
Management Program, public, universities, and other non-governmental agencies. Aquatic
habitat monitoring, e.g. biological indicators such as seagrass abundance, that is part of an
overall water quality assessment effort can be reported. Monitoring activities that are conducted
by partners and funded by CZM federal or matching funds should be included. Activities
conducted using CZM funds or CZM funded support such as staff coordination, training of
volunteers, equipment, or supplies are also eligible. The measure does not include monitoring
conducted by State or local agencies to meet federal Clean Water Act requirements or
monitoring conducted as part of permit review or enforcement activities.
The number of waterbodies reported should not simply be the number of sampling locations, but
should reflect the waterbody of interest or if that is a large area such as a bay or near-shore
coastal water, the sub-waterbody or region of interest. It is recommended that programs use
existing state delineation of waterbodies, such as the National Water Quality Inventory (Section
305(b) report) or other programs, to consistently define coastal waterbodies for the purposes of
this measure.
Report the following:
a) Number of coastal (Great Lake) waterbodies where water quality was monitored with
assistance from CZM funding or staff
Documentation Required:
• List each waterbody monitored using a unique identifier, the associated CZM award
number, and indicate the primary CZM role (funding or staff support).

21. Number of communities in the coastal zone that use setbacks, buffers, or land use
policies to direct development away from areas vulnerable to coastal hazards.
The purpose of this measure is to describe the role of the CZM Program in increasing local
capacity to protect coastal areas that are vulnerable to hazards through the use of location
requirements or land acquisition. There are many approaches that Coastal Management Programs
use to accomplish this goal. These approaches can be grouped as either relying on numerically
based setbacks or buffers or setting descriptive standards that must be addressed during either
project review or in local comprehensive management plans and ordinances. Therefore this
measure has two reporting options. The first option applies to Coastal Management Programs
that use numerically based setbacks or buffers to direct development from hazardous areas. The
second reporting option is for Coastal Management Programs that do not use this approach. Each
program should select the reporting option that best fits their approach.

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A Community for the purposes of this measure is the unit of local government with the authority
to enact or enforce the setbacks, buffers, or other policies to direct development away from
hazardous areas. At a minimum, setback or buffer requirements should include development
restrictions that prevent new construction of commercial or residential buildings in inappropriate,
hazardous coastal areas through geographic designation, zoning, or regulatory jurisdictional
lines. Land use policies are policies other than setbacks or buffers that are used by communities
to direct development away from hazardous areas.
Report for one of the following categories:
1. For Coastal Management Programs that use numerically based setback or buffers to direct
development away from hazardous areas report the following:
a) Number of communities and their respective county (or its equivalent) in the coastal zone
where state law or policy requires setbacks or buffers to direct development away from
hazardous areas.
b) Number of communities and their respective county (or its equivalent) in the coastal zone
that have setbacks or buffers to direct development away from hazardous areas that are
more stringent than state mandated standards or where no state requirements exist.
2. For Coastal Management Programs that do not use state-established numerical setbacks or
buffers to direct development away from hazardous areas, report the following:
a) Number of communities and their respective county (or its equivalent) in the coastal
zone that are required to develop and implement land use policies to direct development
away from hazardous areas that are approved by the state through local comprehensive
management plans.
b) Number of communities and their respective county (or its equivalent) that have
approved state comprehensive management plans that contain land use policies to direct
development away from hazardous areas.

22. Number of marinas in the coastal zone a) pledged to and b) designated by a Clean
Marina Program.
The Clean Marina initiative is a voluntary, incentive-based program promoted by NOAA and
others that encourages marina operators and recreational boaters to protect coastal water quality
by engaging in environmentally sound operating and maintenance procedures. While Clean
Marina Programs vary from state to state, they all offer information, guidance, and technical
assistance on best management practices that can be used to prevent or reduce pollution. Marinas
that are designated by a Clean Marina Program are recognized for their environmental
stewardship. Marinas can also participate by pledging to develop the programs and actions
necessary to meet criteria to be designated as a Clean Marina.
This measure applies to those states and territories that have a Clean Marina Program and
describes the role of the CZM Program in promoting participation. For this measure, a Clean
Marina Program should include standards or criteria for designation that recognizes marinas that
have pledged to implement best management practices or action plans to reduce and prevent
pollution. Coastal Management Programs should report for this measure if there is a Clean

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Marina program in the coastal zone, regardless of whether CZM funds are provided to support
the designation program itself. If the state or territory does not have a Clean Marina designation
program you do not need to submit data or documentation for this measure. You can report that
“the State (or Territory) does not have a Clean Marina designation program.”
A Marina should be defined using the definition developed by the state Clean Marina Program
or the definition established by the CZMA Section 6217, Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Program.
This measure focuses on the number of marinas that are pledged to meet designation standards
and those that are designated as clean marinas through a state program. If a marina pledges and is
designated within the same reporting period, only report the marina as designated.
Report the following:
a) Number of marinas in the coastal zone.
b) Number of marinas in the coastal zone that have newly pledged during the reporting
period to the state Clean Marina Program.
c) Total number of marinas in the coastal zone that have been designated to date by the state
Clean Marina Program.
Documentation Required:
• Description of data source, including date last updated, for the number of marinas in the
coastal zone, the number of marinas that newly pledged, and the total number of marinas
designated by the state program.

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